Wednesday, April 21, 2010

Pakistan Wants Another Mustafa Kamal Article By Asghar Nadeem Syed

Beacon House Rawalpindi Students views for New Nuclear Balance

Students at a Pakistani school watch a 1980s film about a fictional nuclear attack. Would it change their perceptions?

But at Beacon House Middle School in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, that new nuclear balance is a point of pride: Pakistan is one of only nine countries in the nuclear club. It can defend itself.
So, we wondered how Beacon House students would react to an old but influential film that President Reagan said helped persuade him to pursue nuclear peace. We invited them to watch “The Day After,” a 27-year-old film about a nuclear attack that changed the way a generation of Americans perceived the threat. Reagan said the movie depressed him, and now President Obama has carried on with Reagan’s legacy, making nuclear peace the centerpiece of his security summit in Washington.
Before they screened the movie, we asked these adolescents, the majority of whom are the daughters and sons of military officers, about their views on nuclear weapons.
Curious and attentive, 13-year-old Fatima Ahmed was the first to utter categorically that having nuclear weapons was “important for every country” and that she was gratified Pakistan had already developed them.
“If some country declares war on us, they will not declare war because they know that we have nuclear weapons,” added her 11-year-old classmate, Zakaria Amjad.
As the movie rolled, the students were riveted, especially as the nuclear missiles were launched from American bunkers in a thunderous chorus. They took in every minute, just like tens of millions of students had in classrooms throughout North America in the 1980s. As doomsday loomed in the U.S., the Beacon House students recoiled, their reaction seemingly no different than the generation before them.
Some said the movie had changed their minds about nuclear weapons.
“Before, I used to think that it did have many advantages, but now after watching all the destruction in this movie, I think that nuclear (weapons) aren’t that good,” said Lyba Khan, 13.
“I thought that it could be used for defense, but after I saw the movie, I think it wreaks havoc with the country,” said Sultana Bassi, 13.
So far, so predictable. But following those comments, there were insightful calculations made and expressed by some of the other students.
“Nobody wins, it’s a lose-lose situation,” said Saadullah Zia, 13. But when asked whether Pakistan should keep its nuclear weapons, he added: “Some of the countries right now have it, so if we give it up, nothing will happen. Instead, India will be more powerful than us.”
These students have grasped all too well the dilemma of the nuclear arms race. The Cold War might as well be the Ice Age to these Pakistani students. The political and strategic calculations have changed dramatically, just as Clinton had noted.
These students are barely teenagers, but they are the future leaders of Pakistan, and they offered some remarkable reflections on the movie.
“It’s waking us up. It’s telling us that we can all die in a glimpse of an eye, if one atomic bomb is used in our country,” said Fatima Taj, 13, before adding that she still would not like to see Pakistan give up its nuclear weapons.
Academics write about it, but here, these students are living it: The nuclear surge. It’s the tipping point where for all the best intentions of advocates or a thought-provoking film, the balance of nuclear terror has changed.
As 13-year-old Anam Minto honestly and bluntly observed, “I don’t think that this movie changed my opinion, and it made me think that we should have nuclear weapons.”

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About Pakistan

Official Name

Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Father of the Nation

Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876-1948)

National Poet

Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938)

Head of the State

Asif Ali Zardari, President

Head of Government

Makhdoom Syed Yousuf Raza Gillani , Prime Minister

Capital

Islamabad

Area

Total

796,095 Sq. km.

Punjab

205,344 Sq. km.

Sindh

140,914 Sq. km.

North West Frontier Province

74,521 Sq. km.

Balochistan

347,190 Sq. km.

Federally Administered Tribal Areas

27,220 Sq. km.

Islamabad (Capital)

906 Sq. km.

Population

153.96 million (E)

Administrative Setup

Pakistan is divided into four provinces viz., North West Frontier
Province (NWFP), Punjab, Sindh and Balochistan. The tribal belt
adjoining NWFP is managed by the Federal Government and is named FATA
i.e., Federally Administered Tribal Areas. Azad Kashmir and Northern
Areas have their own respective political and administrative machinery,
yet certain of their subjects are taken care of by the Federal
Government through the Ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Northern Areas.
Provinces of Pakistan are further divided into Divisions and Districts

Divisions

Districts

NWFP

7

24

Punjab

8

34

Sindh

5

21

Balochistan

6

22

While FATA consist of 13 Areas/Agencies and Azad Kashmir and Northern
Areas have 7 and 5 Districts respectively.

Religion

95% Muslims, 5% others.

Annual Per capita income

US $846

GDP

8.4%

Currency

Pak. Rupee.

Imports

Industrial equipment, chemicals, vehicles, steel, iron ore, petroleum,
edible oil, pulses, tea.

Exports

Cotton, textile goods, rice, leather items carpets, sports goods, handi-crafts,
fish and fish prep. and fruit

Languages

Urdu (National)
and English (Official)

Literacy rate

53%

Government

Parliamentary form

Parliament

Parliament consists of two Houses i.e., the Senate (Upper House) and the
National Assembly (Lower House).

The Senate is a permanent legislative body and symbolises a process of
continuity in the national affairs. It consists of 100 members. The four
Provincial Assemblies, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Federal
Capital form its electoral college.

The National Assembly has a total membership of 342 elected through
adult suffrage (272 general seats, 60 women seats and 10 non-Muslim
seats).

Pakistan National Flag

Dark green with a white vertical bar, a white crescent and a
five-pointed star in the middle. The Flag symbolizes Pakistan's profound
commitment to Islam, the Islamic world and the rights of religious
minorities.

National Anthem

Approved in August, 1954

Verses Composed by: Abdul Asar Hafeez Jullundhri

Tune Composed by: Ahmed G. Chagla

Duration: 80 seconds

State Emblem

The State Emblem consists of:

  1. The crescent and star which are symbols of Islam
  2. The shield in the centre shows four major crops
  3. Wreath surrounding the shield represents cultural heritage and
  4. 4. Scroll contains Quaid's motto: Unity Faith, Discipline

    Pakistan's Official Map

    Drawn by Mian Mahmood Alam Suhrawardy (1920-1999)

    National Flower

    Jasmine.

    National Tree

    Deodar (Cedrus Deodara).

    National Animal

    Markhor.

    National Bird

    Chakor (Red-legged partridge)

    Flora

    Pine, Oak, Poplar, Deodar, Maple, Mulberry

    Fauna

    The Pheasant, Leopard, Deer, Ibex, Chinkara, Black buck, Neelgai,
    Markhor, Marco-Polo sheep, Green turtles, River & Sea fish, Crocodile,
    Waterfowls

    Popular games

    Cricket, Hockey, Football, Squash.

    Tourist's resorts

    Murree, Quetta, Hunza, Ziarat, Swat, Kaghan, Chitral and Gilgit

    Archaeological sites

    Moenjo Daro, Harappa, Taxila, Kot Diji, Mehr Garh, Takht Bhai.

    Major Cities

    Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta, Rawalpindi, Hyderabad,
    Faisalabad, Multan and Sialkot

    Major Crops

    Cotton, Wheat, Rice and Sugarcane

    Agricultural Growth Rate

    7.5% in 2004-05

    Total cropped area

    22.94 million hectares

    Industry

    Textiles, Cement, Fertiliser, Steel, Sugar, Electric Goods, Shipbuilding

    Energy

    Major sources

    Electricity ( Hydel, Thermal, Nuclear) Oil, Coal, and Liquid
    Petroleum Gas

    Power Generating Capacity

    19,389 MW

    Health

    Hospitals

    916

    Dispensaries

    4,600

    Basic Health Units (BHUs)

    5,301

    Maternity & Child Health Centres

    906

    Rural Health Centres (RHCs)

    552

    Tuberculosis (TB) Centres

    289

    Hospital Beds

    99,908

    Doctors (registered)

    113,206

    Dentists (registered)

    6,127

    Nurses (registered

    48,446

    Paramedics

    23,559

    Lady Health Workers

    6,741

    Education

    Primary Schools

    155,000

    Middle Schools

    28,728

    High Schools

    16,100

    Secondary Vocational Institutions

    636

    Arts & Science Colleges

    1,066

    Professional Colleges

    382

    Universities

    51

    Transport & Communication

    Total length of roads

    259, 758 km

    Pakistan Railway network

    7,791 km

    Locomotives

    580

    Railway stations

    781

    Pakistan International Airlines

    Covers 38 international and 24 domestic stations with a fleet of 49
    planes.

    Major Airports

    8 (Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Quetta, Peshawar, Multan, Faisalabad
    and Gwadar)

    Seaports

    International

    2 (Karachi and Bin Qasim) Gwadar deep sear port is under
    construction

    Fish Harbors -Cum-Mini

    Ports

    3 (Minora, Gawadar, and Keti Bandar)

    Communications

    Post Offices

    12,170

    Telephone connections

    5,052,000

    Public Call Offices

    217,597

    Telegraph offices

    299

    Internet Connections

    2 million

    Mobile Phones

    10,542,641

    Employment

    Total Labour force

    46.84 million

    Employed Labour Force

    43.22 million

    Agriculture Sector

    18.60 million

    Manufacturing & Mining sector

    5.96 million

    Construction

    2.52 million

    Trade

    6.39 million

    Transport

    2.48 million

    Others

    6.98 million

    Media

    Electronic Media

    Print Media (In
    accordance with Central Media List)


    Dailies

    540

    Weeklies

    444

    Fortnightlies

    55

    Monthlies

    268

    News Agencies

    Official

    APP

    Private

    PPI, NNI, On Line and Sana.

    TV Channels

    State Owned

    Pakistan Television
    Network (PTV) is
    a state owned television station which operates on both terrestrial
    & satellite. PTV offers six channels:

      • PTV
      • PTV World
      • PTV National - Regional Languages Channel
      • PTV Bolan - Baluchi Language Channel
      • AJK TV - Azad & Jammu Kashmir TV

        Educational
        • Virtual University is also state owned and operate two channels.
          • Virtual Television 1 (VTV 1)
          • Virtual Television 2 (VTV 2)

            Private
            • Aaj TV
            • ARY Digital
            • ARY One World
            • ATV
            • Business Plus
            • Channel G - Music Channel
            • Dhoom TV
            • Filmazia - Pakistani Movies Channel
            • Fortune TV
            • Geo TV
            • Geo News
            • Hum TV
            • Indus Music
            • Indus Plus/Indus News
            • Indus Vision
            • Labbaik TV
            • Mashriq TV
            • nVibe
            • TV One
            • QTV
            • Roshni TV
            • Rung TV
            • Sun Biz - Business Channel
            • TV 2 Day
            • The City Channel
            • The Musik
            • Uni Plus

              Regional
              • KTN - Sindhi Language Channel
              • Sindh TV - Sindhi Language Channel
              • Kashish TV - Sindhi Language Channel
              • Apna Channel - Punjabi Language Channel
              • Ravi TV - Punjabi Language Channel
              • Punjab TV - Punjabi Language Channel
              • AVT Khyber - Pushto Language Channel

                International
                • HBO - Part of ARY Digital Network
                • Fashion TV Pakistan
                • Al-Jazeera Urdu
                • CNBC Pakistan
                • Cartoon Network
                • STAR Plus
                • Ten Sports

                  Pakistani radio channels

                  Following are radio channels in Pakistan .

                  Sindh

                  • Radio Pakistan AM820 Karachi
                  • Radio Pakistan AM1000 Hyderabad
                  • Radio Pakistan AM1000 Larkana
                  • Radio Pakistan AM920 Khairpur
                  • City FM89 Karachi
                  • RadioActive FM96 Karachi
                  • FM100 Karachi
                  • FM101 Karachi
                  • FM101 Hyderabad
                  • APNA Radio FM107 Karachi
                  • HUM FM106 Karachi
                  • HUM FM106 Sukkar

                    Punjab

                    • Radio Pakistan AM630 Lahore
                    • Radio Pakistan AM1080 Lahore
                    • Radio Pakistan AM1260 Rawalpindi
                    • Radio Pakistan AM792 Rawalpindi
                    • Radio Pakistan FM92 Rawalpindi
                    • Radio Pakistan AM1030 Multan
                    • Radio Pakistan AM1320 Bahawalpur
                    • Radio Pakistan AM1476 Faisalabad ( Lyallpur )
                    • City FM89 Lahore
                    • City FM89 Rawalpindi
                    • City FM89 Faisalabad ( Lyallpur )
                    • FM100 Lahore
                    • FM101 Lahore
                    • FM101 Faisalabad ( Lyallpur )
                    • FM101 Sialkot
                    • FM101 Sargodha
                    • FM95 Mianwali
                    • MAST FM103 Lahore
                    • Radio Buraq FM104 Sialkot
                    • AWAZ Radio FM105 Gujrat
                    • AWAZ Radio FM106 Gujranwala
                    • HUM FM106.2 Lahore

                      Islamabad Capital Territory

                      • Radio Pakistan AM585 Islamabad
                      • City FM89 Islamabad
                      • FM99 Power Radio Islamabad
                      • FM100 Islamabad
                      • FM101 Islamabad
                      • HUM FM106.2 Islamabad

                        Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP)

                        • Radio Pakistan AM540 Peshawar
                        • Radio Pakistan AM1400 Dera Ismail Khan
                        • Radio Pakistan AM1600 Abbottabad
                        • Radio Pakistan AM1580 Chitral
                        • UPesh Radio FM107 Peshawar
                        • Radio Buraq FM104 Peshawar
                        • Radio Buraq FM104 Mardan
                        • FM101 Peshawar
                        • FM101 Bannu
                        • FM101 Kohat

                          Balochistan

                          • Radio Pakistan AM750 Quetta
                          • Radio Pakistan AM1580 Sibi
                          • Radio Pakistan AM560 Khuzdar
                          • Radio Pakistan AM1580 Turbat
                          • FM101 Quetta
                          • FM101 Gwadar

                            Banks

                            Central Bank

                            State Bank of Pakistan

                            Nationalized Scheduled

                            First Woman Bank Ltd.

                            Banks

                            National Bank of Pakistan

                            Specialized Banks

                            Zari Taraqiati Bank (ZTBL) Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan
                            Punjab Provincial Cooperative Bank Ltd

                            Private Scheduled Banks
                            Askari Commercial Bank Limited

                            Bank Al-Falah Limited

                            Bolan Bank Limited

                            Faysal Bank Limited

                            Bank Al-Habib Limited

                            Metropolitan Bank Limited

                            KASB Commercial Bank Limited

                            Prime Commercial Bank Limited

                            PICIC Commercial Bank Limited

                            Soneri Bank Limited

                            Union Bank Limited

                            Meezan Bank Limited

                            Saudi-Pak Commercial Bank Limited

                            Crescent Commercial Bank Limited

                            Dawood Bank Limited

                            NDLC-IFIC Bank Limited (NIB)

                            Allied Bank of Pakistan Limited

                            United Bank Limited

                            Habib Bank Limited

                            SME Banks

                            Forein Banks

                            ABN Amro Bank N.V
                            Albaraka Islamic Bank BSC (EC)

                            American Expresss Bank Limited

                            Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi Limited

                            Citibank N.A

                            Deutsche Bank A.G.

                            Habib Bank A.G. Zurich

                            Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp Limited

                            Oman International Bank S.O.A.G

                            Rupali Bank Limited

                            Standard Chartered Bank Limited

                            Development Financial

                            Institutions

                            Pakistan Industrial Credit and Investment Corp. Limited
                            Pak Kuwait Investment Company (Pvt) Limited

                            Pak Libya Holding Company (Pvt) Limited

                            Investment Banks

                            Crescent Investment Bank Limited
                            First International Investment Bank Limited
                            Atlas Investment Bank Limited

                            Security Investment Bank Limited

                            Fidelity Investment Bank Limited

                            Prudential Investment Bank Limited

                            Islamic Investment Bank Limited

                            Asset Investment Bank Limited

                            Al-Towfeek Investment Bank imited

                            Jahangir Siddiqui Investment Bank Limited
                            Franklin Investment Bank Limited
                            Orix Investment Bank (Pak) Limited

                            Famous Mountain Peaks

                            Height

                            World Rating

                            K-2 (Chagori)

                            8616 m

                            2nd

                            Nanga Parbat

                            8125 m

                            8th

                            Gasherbrum-I

                            8068 m

                            11th

                            Broad Peak

                            8065 m

                            12th

                            Gasherbrum-II

                            8047 m

                            14th

                            Gasherbrum-III

                            7952 m

                            15th

                            Gasherbrum-IV

                            7925 m

                            16th

                            Disteghil Sar

                            7885 m

                            20th

                            Kunyang Kish

                            7852 m

                            22nd

                            Masherbrum (NE)

                            7821 m

                            24th

                            Rakaposhi

                            7788 m

                            27th

                            Batura I

                            7785 m

                            28th

                            Kanjut Sar

                            7760 m

                            29th

                            Saltoro Kangri

                            7742 m

                            33rd

                            Trivor

                            7720 m

                            36th

                            Tirich Mir

                            7708 m

                            41st

                            Famous Mountain Passes

                            Location

                            Province

                            The Khyber Pass

                            NWFP

                            The Kurram Pass

                            FATA

                            The Tochi Pass

                            FATA

                            The Gomal Pass

                            NWFP

                            The Bolan Pass

                            Balochistan

                            The Lowari Pass

                            Chitral (NWFP)

                            The Khunjrab Pass

                            Northern Areas

                            Rivers

                            Length

                            The Indus

                            2,896 km

                            Jhelum

                            825 km

                            Chenab

                            1,242 km

                            Ravi

                            901 km

                            Sutlej

                            1,551 km

                            Beas (tributary of Sutlej)

                            398 km

                            Famous Glaciers

                            Length

                            Siachin

                            75 km

                            Batura

                            55 km

                            Baltoro

                            65 km

                            Deserts

                            Name

                            Location/Province

                            Thar

                            Sindh

                            Cholistan

                            Punjab

                            Thal

                            Punjab

                            Lakes

                            Name

                            Location/Province

                            Manchar

                            Sindh

                            Keenjar

                            Sindh

                            Hanna

                            Balochistan

                            Saif-ul-Maluk

                            NWFP

                            Satpara

                            Northern Areas

                            Kachura

                            Northern Areas

                            Major Dams

                            Name

                            Location/Province

                            Mangla Dam

                            Punjab

                            Tarbela Dam

                            NWFP

                            Warsak Dam

                            NWFP